Specifies the network adapter card whose parameters you want to change.
clear
Clears the source routing table.
def
Forwards packets as All Routes Broadcast frames if their media access control (MAC) address is not in the
source routing table.
gbr
Forwards general broadcast packets, those addressed to the broadcast address (FFFFFFFFFFFF), as All
Routes Broadcast frames.
mbr
Forwards multicast broadcast packets, those addressed to a multicast address (C000xxxxxxxx), as All
Routes Broadcast frames.
remove=xxxxx
Removes the specified node address from the source routing table.
_____
Note The ipxroute utility changes these parameters only for the current Windows NT session. When you log
off, the settings are lost. To permanently change NWLink parameters, you must set them in the Registry. For
further information, see the online Help topic Tuning Network Adapter Parameters.
The ipxroute utility is installed with the NWLink IPX/SPX Compatible Transport Protocol only if the protocol
is bound to a token ring network card.
_____
Monitoring NetWare Performance
You can monitor the performance of the connectivity service and the NWLink NetBIOS using Performance
Monitor. For a detailed explanation of Performance Monitor, see Performance Monitor in the Windows NT
System Guide.
To monitor Gateway Services or NWLink NetBIOS with Performance Monitor
1. In the Administrative Tools group, choose Performance Monitor.
2. From the Edit menu, choose Add To Chart.
3. In the Computer list in the Add To Chart dialog box, select the computer you want to monitor.
4. In the Object list, select the process you want to monitor, Gateway Service for NetWare, Client Service for
NetWare, or NWLink NetBIOS.
5. In the Counter list, select the counters you want to monitor for the selected process, and then choose the Add
button.
For information about a counter, select the counter and then choose the Explain button.
6. When you have added all the counters you want to a particular chart, choose the Done button.
Chapter 2
File and Print Gateways
Microsoft networks and NetWare networks use different communications protocols for passing requests from
clients to servers. Microsoft networking clients use server message block (SMB) protocol to perform remote
requests to Microsoft networking servers, while NetWare clients use NetWare core protocol (NCP) to
communicate with NetWare networking servers.
For clients of the Microsoft network that need access to NetWare resources but cannot use multiple protocols,
you can configure a Windows NT Advanced Server computer as a file or print gateway. A gateway is also useful
for Microsoft networking clients that are using Microsoft Remote Access Service, or on networks on which you
want to limit IPX/SPX traffic or on which you are migrating to the Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP). A gateway on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer can connect to NetWare resources and
share them with clients of the Microsoft network.
This chapter covers the following topics:
How a gateway works
Enabling a gateway
Activating a file gateway
Setting permissions for a gateway share
Activating a print gateway
How a Gateway Works
The Gateway Service for NetWare on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer acts as a translator between
the server message block (SMB) protocol used by the Windows NT network and the NetWare core protocol
(NCP) used by the NetWare network. With a file gateway, for example, clients of a Windows NT Advanced
Server computer can access files on NetWare servers without having to load additional NetWare connectivity
components.
All file access over the gateway is done by sharing drives that are redirected to NetWare volumes or directories.
The file gateway uses a NetWare account on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer to create a validated
connection to the NetWare server. This connection appears on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer as a
redirected drive. When you share the redirected drive, it becomes like any other shared resource on the Microsoft
network.
For example, you can connect the Windows NT Advanced Server computer to a NetWare directory called
\\NW4\SYS\DATA, which becomes drive Z: on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer. If the name of the
Windows NT Advanced Server computer is THOR and the Z: drive is given the share name DATA_USERS, a
Microsoft networking client can access the NetWare directory by connecting to \\THOR\DATA_USERS. The
Microsoft networking client is unaware that this shared resource is part of the NetWare network.
Once the gateway connection is established, it is not disconnected unless the computer is turned off or the
Windows NT administrator disconnects the shared resource or disables the gateway. Logging off the Windows
NT Advanced Server computer does not, by itself, disconnect the gateway.
_____
Note A gateway enabled on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer seamlessly integrates the Microsoft
network with file and print reosurces on the NetWare network. Because requests from Microsoft networking
clients are being processed through the Windows NT Advanced Server, access over the gateway is slower than
direct access from the client to the NetWare network. For Microsoft networking clients that require frequent
access to NetWare resources, Windows NT with the Client Service for NetWare or Windows for Workgroups
with the client software supplied by Novell is a better solution. On a Windows for Workgroups computer,
loading the necessary network protocols in high memory preserves valuable conventional memory for application
software.
_____
Activating a Gateway
Before you can enable a gateway on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer:
* You must have a user account on the NetWare network with the necessary rights for the resources you want to
access.
* The NetWare server must have a group named NTGATEWAY with the necessary rights for the resources you
want to access.
* The NetWare user account must be a member of the NTGATEWAY group.
By controlling membership in the NTGATEWAY group, the NetWare administrator can control which
Windows NT Advanced Server computers can be gateways to the NetWare server, and what kind of access to
what files each user account has.
The NetWare administrator has total control over whether the gateway allows access to files and print queues on
the NetWare server. With a gateway, the network administrator can control access to NetWare network
resources either over the gateway or directly on the NetWare network:
* On the Windows NT Advanced Server computer acting as a gateway, the administrator can restrict access by
limiting which networking users or groups have access to gateway shares. Using multiple share restrictions
through a gateway, the Windows NT administrator can control which networking users and groups can
access files through the gateway.
* On the NetWare file server, the NetWare administrator must create a special gateway group, NTGATEWAY.
Using NTGATEWAY, the administrator can set trustee rights on the directories and files to which users and
groups are allowed access through the gateway. There is no auditing of gateway access.
To make a NetWare server available to a gateway account
1. Use the NetWare syscon utility to create the NTGATEWAY group account on the NetWare file server.
2. Use syscon to create a NetWare user account with the name and password you will use to log on from the
Windows NT Advanced Server computer.
3. Add the gateway account to the NTGATEWAY group.
4. Establish trustee rights for the NTGATEWAY group.
For detailed information on the syscon utility and NetWare user accounts and trustee rights, see your NetWare
documentation.
To activate the file gateway on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer, you must specify the NetWare
volume or directory. Volumes, directories, and print queues are represented in Windows NT by their universal
naming convention (UNC) names. However, NetWare syntax is also supported.
UNC names begin with two backslashes (\\) followed by the remote (in this case, NetWare) server name, and
then the names of the volume or directory points on the server separated by single backslashes.
For example, if the file server named NW4 contains the THOR volume on which there is a directory
WINAPPS\WORD, the UNC name for the directory is \\NW4\THOR\WINAPPS\WORD.
To enable a gateway
1. In Control Panel on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer that is to be the gateway, choose the GSNW
option.
2. In the Gateway Service for NetWare dialog box, choose the Gateway button.
3. In the Configure Gateway dialog box, select the Enable Gateway check box.
4. In the Gateway Account box, type the name of your gateway account on the NetWare file server. Type the
password for the gateway account in both the Password and Confirm Password boxes.
Activating a File Gateway
To activate a file gateway, you must have previously enabled a gateway on your Windows NT Advanced Server
computer, as described in the previous section.
To activate a file gateway
1. In Control Panel on the Windows NT Advanced Server computer that is to be the gateway, choose the GSNW
option.
2. In the Gateway Service for NetWare dialog box, choose the Gateway button.
3. In the Configure Gateway dialog box, choose the Add button to create a NetWare share for Microsoft
networking clients.
4. In the New Share dialog box, type the information about the redirected share, and then choose OK.
Windows NT Advanced Server creates a connection to the NetWare resource you specify in the Network Path
box, assigns it the redirected disk drive you specify in the Use drive box, and creates a share on the Microsoft
network using the share name you specify in the Share Name box.
If the connection fails with an Access Denied message from the NetWare server, be sure that you entered your
account name and password correctly in the Configure Gateway dialog box. If you did, you may not have a valid
account on the NetWare server, or your account may not be a member of the NTGATEWAY group. It is also
possible that your account or the NTGATEWAY group has insufficient trustee rights to access the specified
NetWare volume or directory.
Setting Permissions for a Gateway Share
If you want to control user access, you can set permissions for the share when you create it, or later if your needs
change. You can set permissions on a NetWare resource shared through a gateway using either File Manager or
the Gateway Service. For information on setting permissions with File Manager, see File Manager in the
Windows NT Advanced Server System Guide.
To set permissions for a gateway share using the Gateway Service
1. In Control Panel, choose the GSNW option.
2. In the Gateway Service for NetWare dialog box, choose the Gateway button.
3. From the list of gateway shares provided in the Configure Gateway dialog box, select the share whose
permissions you want to set, and then choose the Permissions button.
If the Permissions button is dimmed, the gateway may be disabled. If the Enable Gateway check box is
cleared, enable the gateway as described earlier in this chapter.
In the Access Through Share Permissions dialog box, you can add groups and users, change the permissions
for the listed groups and users, and remove a group or user from the permissions list.
4. To add a user to the list of authorized share users, choose the Add button in the Access Through Share
Permissions dialog box.
The Add Users And Groups dialog box displays the groups on the computer or in the domain shown in the
List Names From box. You can display users, find the users in a group, or find the domain to which a group
or user belongs.
Local groups are shown for the computer or domain whose name is followed by an asterisk (*). You can
select another domain from the List Names From box. Domains are listed only if your computer is a member
of a domain on a Windows NT network. The domains shown have a trust relationship with
your computers domain.
5. To display the names of users on the selected computer or domain, choose the Show Users button.
6. To view the members of a group, select the group and choose the Members button.
The Local Group Membership dialog box appears, listing the groups members. For Windows NT Advanced
Server domains, global groups that are members of a local group appear in the list.
To see a global groups users, select the group name from the list and choose the Members button in the Local
Group Membership dialog box. To add the group to the list in the Add Users And Groups dialog box, choose
the Add button in the Local Group Membership dialog box.
7. To add a group or user, you must know the domain to which the groups or users account belongs. For Windows
NT Advanced Server domains, choose the Search button to find the domain of a group or user. When the Find
Account dialog box appears, type the name of the group or user in the Find User Or Group box, and specify
the domains you want to search. Then choose the Search button. To include the groups or users in the Add
Users and Groups dialog box, select them in the Search Results box and choose the Add button.
8. To add groups or users to the list, select them in the Names box and choose the Add button, or double-click the
name of the group or user. Or you can type the names of groups and users in the Add Names box. Separate
names with a semicolon.
If the account of the group or user is not located on the computer or domain shown by the List Names From
box, you must specify the location. Type the computer or domain name followed by the group or user name,
and separate the names with a backslash, for example, sales\anniep. You can type the name without waiting
for Windows NT to list groups in the Names box.
9. If you are adding users or groups to a permissions list, select from the Type Of Access box the permission for
the groups or users shown in the Add Names box.
10. Choose the OK button.
11. In the Configure Gateway dialog box, choose the OK button.
12. In the Gateway Service for NetWare dialog box, choose the OK button.
For information about setting permissions with File Manager, see Setting Permissions Through Shared
Directories in Chapter 4 of the Windows NT Advanced Server System Guide.
Activating a Print Gateway
A print gateway functions much like the file gateway described earlier in this chapter: once you have enabled the
Gateway Service on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer, the NetWare printer appears on the Windows
NT network like any other shared printer. Print jobs sent to the print gateway are redirected to the corresponding
NetWare print queue. You configure a NetWare print gateway through Print Manager.
To configure a print gateway, a gateway must be enabled. All access to NetWare printers is in the context of the
user account used to enable the gateway. For more information, see Activating a Gateway earlier in this chapter.
To configure a NetWare print gateway
1. From the Windows NT Advanced Server computer that is to serve as a gateway, connect to a NetWare print
queue using Print Manager, as described in Chapter 4, Connecting to a NetWare Print Queue.
2. In Print Manager, select the printer icon or window for the print queue.
3. From the Printer menu, choose Properties, or choose the Properties button on the toolbar.
4. In the Printer Properties dialog box, select the Share This Printer On The Network check box.
Print Manager creates a share name in the Share Name box for the printer, using MS-DOS naming
conventions. This allows MS-DOS based computers to connect to the printer. If you edit the share name and
the Windows NT network has clients that are running MS-DOS, be sure to follow MS-DOS naming
conventions.
5. In the Location box, type a description of the printers location to let network users know where their documents
will be printed.
6. Choose the OK button.
Once the queue is shared, networking clients can access the print queue.
Microsoft networking clients can connect to the shared NetWare print queue as they would to any Windows NT
printer. For example, if the print queue is shared on a Windows NT Advanced Server computer named WIN_NT
under the share name HP4SI, users can specify \\win_nt\hp4si in the Connect To Printer dialog box. Users can
also browse for the printer. The printer is listed by its universal naming convention (UNC) name in the Shared
Printers box. For information on the universal naming convention, see Activating a Gateway, earlier in this
chapter.
Chapter 3
Connecting to a NetWare Print Queue
If your Windows NT computer has the Gateway Service for NetWare or Client Service for NetWare, you can
establish a connection to a NetWare print queue through Print Manager or from the command prompt.
This chapter covers the following topics:
Connecting to a NetWare printer through Print Manager
Connecting to a NetWare printer at the command prompt
Setting printing options
Connecting to a NetWare Printer Through Print Manager
To print to a NetWare print queue, connect to it using Print Manager. If the NetWare network is first in the
network search order for print providers (the default), the list of servers on the NetWare network is displayed
automatically in the Shared Printers box.
To connect to a NetWare print queue using Print Manager
1. From the Printer menu, choose Connect To Printer, or choose the Connect Printer button on the toolbar.
2. In the Connect To Printer dialog box, select a printer from the Shared Printers box, or type the name of a
computer and print queue in the Printer box.
For NetWare networks, the Shared Printers box shows servers and print queues. Double-click a server name
to display or hide its print queues. When you select a print queue in the Shared Printers box, Print Manager
fills in the Printer box.
When you type the name of a print queue directly in the Shared Printers box, precede the computer name with
two backslashes (\\), and separate the computer name from the print queues name with a single backslash (\).
For example, type \\win_nt\hp4si.
NetWare syntax cannot be used because there is no syntax for print queues.
3. Choose the OK button.
4. If a printer driver is not available locally for a NetWare print queue, Print Manager prompts you to install a
printer driver. Choose the OK button to continue.
5. In the Select Driver dialog box, select the appropriate driver for the printer in the Driver box.
6. In the Windows NT Setup dialog box, type the directory and path where Windows NT printer drivers are
stored, and then choose the Continue button.
Windows NT installs the driver and displays a printer window for the connected print queue.
Be sure to set the correct printer options once the appropriate driver has been loaded. You can now print to the
NetWare print queue just as you would to a Windows NT printer.
Connecting to a NetWare Printer at the Command Prompt
If you are running an application that writes directly to a predefined port, you
can use the net use command as you would use the NetWare capture utility to associate the NetWare print
queue with the port. For example, to redirect output from LPT1 to the NetWare print queue called MEMOS on
the server named NW4, type:
net use lpt1 \\nw4\memos
This statement is equivalent to the NetWare capture command, where the syntax would be capture Q=memos
S=nw4 L=1.
After you have redirected output using the net use command, you can use the copy command to send files that
don't require formatting to the printer. For example:
copy myfile.txt lpt1
You can also copy the file directly to the print queue. For example:
copy myfile.txt \\nw4\memos
Setting Printing Options
Printing options are already set for the user logged on to Windows NT, and these same options can be set for
NetWare print queues. The printing defaults are to suppress form feed, to print a banner (blank page) between
documents, and to notify you when your document is finished printing. You can change these options by
changing the configuration of your connectivity service.
_____
Note Settings in the connectivity service affect all NetWare print queues you are using from your Windows
NT computer. The options are equivalent to settings available through the NetWare capture utility.
_____
To set printing options
1. In Control Panel, choose the GSNW or CSNW option.
2. In the Print Options box of the Client Service for NetWare or Gateway Service for NetWare dialog box:
* To instruct the printer not to eject a page after printing a document, clear the Add Form Feed check box.
* To stop notification when your document has been printed, clear the Notify When Printed check box
* To stop printing a banner page before your document prints, clear the Print Banner check box.
3. Choose the OK button when the printing options are as you want them.
Chapter 4
Connecting to a NetWare Volume or Directory
When Gateway Service for NetWare or Client Service for NetWare is installed on your Windows NT computer,
you can connect to volumes and directories on NetWare file servers using File Manager or the net command at
the command prompt. You can print to NetWare print queues by connecting to the print queue in Print Manager
or by using the copy command at the command prompt.
This chapter covers the following topics:
Validating a NetWare account
Selecting a preferred server
Connecting to a NetWare file resource through File Manager
Connecting to a NetWare file resource at the command prompt
Managing network connections
Managing NetWare file attributes
Validating a NetWare Account
You must have an account on the NetWare server before you can use its files, applications, or print queues. The
NetWare server account contains your credentials, which are your username and password.
By default, Windows NT supplies the username and password you used when you log on to Windows NT as the
credentials it sends to the NetWare server. Because you are prompted to supply your username and password on
the NetWare server only if they are different from those on the Windows NT computer, it is best to keep your
username and password the same on both the Windows NT and NetWare networks. Maintaining the same
username and password also makes it easier for network administrators to coordinate user accounts.
To change your password on a NetWare server
1. At the command prompt, use the net use command to connect to the NetWare servers SYS volume.
- Or -
From the Disk menu in File Manager, choose Connect Network Drive command, and connect to the NetWare
servers SYS volume.
2. At the command prompt, change to the drive for the NetWare server, and then make the PUBLIC directory the
current directory. For example, type n:, and then type cd \public.
3. At the command prompt, type the setpass command. If the server on which you want to change your password
is different from the one on the current drive, type setpass and the server name.
For example, to change your password on the server named NWSERVER, type:
setpass nwserver
4. When you are prompted, type your old password, then the new password, and then retype the new password to
confirm it.
5. If you are connected to other NetWare servers that also use your old password, they are listed, and you are
asked if you want to change your password on these servers as well.
Type y and press Enter to change the additional passwords.
- Or -
Type n and press Enter to leave the passwords as they are.
If you want to change your password on more than one server, connect to all affected servers before running the
setpass command.
The setpass command is a NetWare utility supported by Windows NT. For a complete list of supported
NetWare utilities, see Supported NetWare Utilities in Chapter 6.
Selecting a Preferred Server
When your connectivity service is installed, you can specify a preferred NetWare server, the one to which the
Client or Gateway Service connects your Windows NT computer by default when you log on, or you can specify
no preferred server. If your needs or the networks configuration change later, you can change your preferred
NetWare server at any time.
To specify a preferred NetWare server
1. From Control Panel, choose the GSNW or CSNW option.
2. When the Gateway Service for NetWare or Client Service for NetWare dialog box appears, in the Select
Preferred Server box select a server from the list provided, or type the name of a NetWare server directly into
the box, and then choose OK.
3. If your password on the NetWare server is different from that on the Windows NT computer, enter your
NetWare password at the prompt, and then choose OK.
The next time you log on, the connectivity service connects to the NetWare server you specify as the preferred
one.
_____
Note The preferred server setting affects only the account under which you are logged on when you make the
setting. When other users log on, they are also prompted for a preferred server. If you later change your
preferred server, other users are unaffected.
_____
Connecting to a NetWare File Resource Through File
Manager
With File Manager, you can browse and connect to resources on both the Windows NT and NetWare networks.
Once you are connected to a NetWare volume, you can drag and drop directories and files to move and copy
them between your Windows NT computer and NetWare servers.
The list of servers on the NetWare network is displayed automatically in the Shared Directories box. The
servers, volumes, and directories are displayed in a tree structure. Both volumes and directories are represented
by the shared directory icon. Choose an item to expand the list; for example, choose a directory to display its
subdirectories.
The NetWare server validates you before it allows you to see directories in a NetWare volume you select.
Windows NT displays the Enter Network Credential dialog box so that you can provide a username and a
password for the server if the server cannot validate you.
On a NetWare network, you can type the server name in the Path box and choose the OK button if you know the
name of a server and need to see the names of its volumes. Preface the server name with two backslashes (\\).
Windows NT adds the name of the servers first volume directory to the Path box and displays all the servers
volumes in the Shared Directories box.
You can type a network path in the Path box. On NetWare networks, you can type the name using either
universal naming convention (UNC) or NetWare syntax. For information about UNC syntax, see Activating a
Gateway in Chapter 3.
To connect to a NetWare drive using File Manager
1. From the Disk menu, choose Connect Network Drive, or choose the Connect Drive button on the toolbar.
2. File Manager displays the first free drive letter in the Drive box. You can accept the displayed drive letter for
the connection or choose another in the Drive box.
3. In the Path box, select or type a network path.
If you have connected to the volume or directory before, select the path from the list displayed by the Path
box. The Path box displays the previous 10 paths.
Or, you can use the Shared Directories box to select a network path.
4. You are connected by default under the username and password you used to log on. If you want to connect
under a different username, type it in the Connect As box.
5. Choose the OK button. If a password is required, Windows NT displays the Enter Network Password dialog
box where you can type the password.
Connecting to a NetWare File Resource at the Command
Prompt
You can use the net view command to display file servers and volumes on a NetWare network.
To display a list of NetWare file servers
* At the command prompt, type the following syntax:
net view /network:nw
To display volumes on a specific NetWare file server
* At the command prompt, type the following syntax:
net view \\nwserver_name /network:nw
where nwserver_name is the name of the NetWare file server. Be sure to precede the server name with two
backslashes (\\).
If the net view command is used without the /network:nw switch, the servers and shares on your Windows NT
or LAN Manager network are displayed by default.
You can use the net use command from the command prompt to connect to NetWare file servers and print
queues. To connect, you can use the same command syntax you use to connect to shares on a Microsoft network.
You cannot use the net use command to create a gateway, because redirections made using either this command
or File Manager are properties of the user who was logged on at the time of creation. If the user logs off, the
connection is terminated. The gateway connection is disconnected only if the computer is turned off or if an
administrator disables the gateway.
The net command for connecting to NetWare file servers is equivalent to the map NetWare command on MS-
DOS based NetWare workstations.
To connect to a NetWare volume
* At the command prompt, type the net use command, specifying the shared directory with either its UNC or
NetWare name:
net use drive: \\computer\directory | \\computer:volume\directory
For example, to connect to the directory \DATA\MYDATA on the THOR volume on a server named NW4
using the G drive, type:
net use g: \\nw4\thor\data\mydata
_____
Tip To use the next available drive letter when connecting to the volume, replace the drive letter with an
asterisk (*).
______
The error message "The password is invalid for \\server_name\volume_ name[\directory_name...]" means that
the username and password you supplied when you logged on to Windows NT were not validated by your
preferred server. To connect under a valid username and password, use the following net use command with the
switch and syntax shown:
net use drive: \\computername\sharename /user:username password
- Or -
net use drive: \\computer:volume\directory /user:username password
For example, to connect as anniep with the password marshmallow to the directory \DATA\MYDATA within
the THOR volume on a server called NW4 using the G drive, type:
net use g: \\nw4\thor\data\mydata /user:anniep marshmallow
If you prefer to be prompted for a password, replace the password with an asterisk (*). When you type your
password at the prompt, it is not displayed on the screen.
Managing Network Connections
When the connectivity service is running, you can manage connections to the NetWare network just as you
manage connections on the Microsoft network. You can view and manage active connections and define
persistent connections with the net use command.
Viewing Current Network Connections
When you type the net use command without any parameters, you can list the current network connections.
Status Local Remote Network
-- E: \\NW4\SYS Novell
OK F: \\WIN_NT\DROOT Microsoft WindowsÖ
-- H: \\NETWARE40\THOR\APPS Novell
Reestablishing Network Connections
You must indicate when you create connections that they are to be reestablished if you want a users profile to
establish network connections.
To make connections persistent, check the Restore At Logon box when making connections from File Manager.
Or if you are creating the connection from the command line, be sure to use the /persistent switch with the net
use command.
For example, type net use /persistent:yes.
Administrator-defined logon scripts can also be used in addition to the net use command with the /persistent
switch. For more information about logon scripts, see User Manager in the Windows NT System Guide.
Managing NetWare File Attributes
NetWare file attributes are not exactly the same as those on Windows NT. The following file rights mappings
are applied when a NetWare file is opened
by Gateway Services.
Windows NT file attributes NetWare file attributes
R (Read Only) RO, DI (Delete Inhibit), RI (Rename Inhibit)
A (Archive) A
S (System) Sy
H (Hidden) H
Gateway Services does not support mapping to the following NetWare file attributes:
RW (Read/Write), S (Shareable), T (Transactional), P (Purge), RA (Read Audit), WA (Write Audit), and CI
(Copy Inhibit).
When you copy a file from an Microsoft networking client to the NetWare file server via Gateway Services, the
RO, A, Sy, and H file attributes are preserved.
You can use the NetWare utilities, such as filer and rights, from a Windows NT Server computer with an
activated gateway to set attributes that are not supported by the Windows NT-to-NetWare file rights mapping.
For more information about other supported utilities, see Chapter 6, Running NetWare Utilities and NetWare-
Aware Applications.
Chapter 5
Running NetWare Utilities and NetWare-Aware
Applications
Windows NT has a collection of 32-bit graphical network and user management tools, including User Manager,
Server Manager, and User Profile Editor. You can share Windows NT resources using File Manager, Print
Manager, or the command line. NetWare, by contrast, includes a set of 16-bit command-line utilities for
managing and sharing resources.
With Windows NT Server and Gateway Services for NetWare (Gateway Services), you can run many of the
NetWare utilities from the command prompt. Other functions of the NetWare utilities are provided through the
Windows NT management tools.
In addition, Windows NT supports many NetWare-aware applications.
This chapter lists the supported NetWare utilities and explains the Windows NT utilities that you can use to
manage NetWare networks. It also lists supported NetWare-aware applications and describes the files you must
have in order to run them.
Supported NetWare Utilities
Windows NT supports many of the NetWare utilities, so you can manage the NetWare network from a Windows
NT computer. Some NetWare utilities are not supported, but you can perform their functions with Windows NT
utilities. Some additional files supplied either with Windows NT or with NetWare may be required by some
utilities. For detailed information, see Requirements for Running NetWare-Aware Applications later in this
chapter.
Windows NT supports the following MS-DOS-based NetWare utilities:
chkvol help rconsole settts
colorpal listdir remove slist
dspace map revoke syscon
flag ncopy rights tlist
flagdir ndir security userlist
fconsole pconsole send volinfo
filer psc session whoami
grant pstat setpass
_____
Note If you run a utility (such as rconsole on 3.1x NetWare servers) outside of the SYS:PUBLIC directory,
the utility may ask for the SYS$MSG.DAT file. The SYS$MSG.DAT file is located in the SYS:PUBLIC
directory. You can avoid this message by adding SYS:PUBLIC to your path.
_____
NetWare Utility Behavior Supplied by Windows NT Commands
The Windows NT net use command or File Manager can be used to perform the same functions as the NetWare
attach, login, and logout utilities. The Windows NT net view command can be used to perform the same
function as the NetWare slist utility. For more information about the net use and net view commands and File
Manager, see Connecting to a Network File Resource at the Command Prompt in Chapter 5.
The net use command also supplies similar functionality to the capture command for printing when
MS-DOS-based and Windows-based applications require printing to a specific port. In addition, Print Manager
can be used to connect to NetWare print queues. For more information about printing, see Connecting to a
NetWare Printer Through Print Manager in Chapter 4.
NetWare-Aware Applications
NetWare-aware applications behave on Windows NT as if they were on a NetWare resource. Not all NetWare-
aware applications are supported by Windows NT, and of those that are supported, many require special files
supplied either with NetWare or with Windows NT.
Supported NetWare-Aware Applications
The NetWare-aware applications shown in the following table are supported. The applications were tested on
Intel«, MIPS«, and Digital Alpha AXPÖ platforms. Following the table are descriptions of the services and files
required for these applications to be supported.
MS-DOSBased NetWare-Aware Applications
Application Version Prerequisites
Attachmate Extra! for MS-DOS
to the NetWare SAAÖ Gateway 3.1 Batch files
Attachmate Extra! for MS-DOS
to the Attachmate 3270 Gateway 3.1 Batch files
Attachmate Extra! for Windows
to the NetWare SAA Gateway 3.5 TSR
Attachmate Extra! for Windows
to the Attachmate 3270 Gateway 3.5 TSR
DCA IRMAÖ LAN for MS-DOS
to Novells SAA 2.1.0 None
Btrieve« requester
(BREQUEST.EXE) 6.10a TSR
Gupta SQLBase« for NetWare
systems 5.1.3 Btrieve support
NWIPXSPX.DLL,
NETWARE.DRV,
and NWNETAPI.DLL
Must be connected to a NetWare
server prior to loading
Runs only on an Intel platform
Lotus« Notes«, SPX
connectivity option 3.0 Must be connected to a NetWare server prior to loading
TBMI2 on MIPS and Alpha AXP
NWIPXSPX.DLL,
NETWARE.DRV,
and NWNETAPI.DLL
NetWare 3270 LAN
Workstation for Windows 1.2 Runs only on an Intel platform
Requirements for Running NetWare-Aware Applications
The following files and services may be required in order for MS-DOSbased NetWare utilities and NetWare-
aware applications to be supported.
NWIPXSPX.DLL
Many applications that are written for 16-bit Windows and are NetWare-aware require NWIPXSPX.DLL from
Novell. If you have previously used the application under Microsoft Windows 3.x and are using the same
computer for Windows NT, NWIPXSPX.DLL exists on your system. If you start the application and the
application cannot find this file, check your path by typing path at the command prompt. Verify that a copy of
the NWIPXSPX.DLL can be found. If not, obtain a copy of NWIPXSPX.DLL from Novell, and copy it to the
\WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory.
If you are running these applications on either the MIPS or Digital Alpha AXP platforms, you will need to obtain
NWIPXSPX.DLL from Novell. Copy NWIPXSPX.DLL to the \WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory.
If you need to copy NWIPXSPX.DLL to your Windows NT Server computer or modify your path statement, you
must log off and then log back on to Windows NT for the changes to take effect.
Special Requirements for MIPS and Alpha AXP Platforms
If the NetWare-aware application requires NWIPXSPX.DLL, you must have a copy of TBMI2.COM in
\WINNT\SYSTEM32 to run the application on the MIPS and Digital Alpha AXP platforms.
In AUTOEXEC.NT, insert the following line immediately after the line that refers to vwipxspx:
lh winnt\system32\tbmi2.com
Save the change to AUTOEXEC.NT, and then log off and log back on to your Windows NT Server computer.
NETWARE.DRV, NWNETAPI.DLL, and NWCALLS.DLL
NetWare-aware applications that use the NetWare application programming interface (API) to send and receive
NetWare core protocol (NCP) packets might require NETWARE.DRV and either NWNETAPI.DLL or, for
more recent versions of NetWare, NWCALLS.DLL.
NETWARE.DRV is installed in the \WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory when you install NWC. If you have
previously used a NetWare-aware application on the same computer using an MS-DOSbased version of
Windows, NWNETAPI.DLL or NWCALLS.DLL is probably already installed on your computer. If your
application cannot find NWNETAPI.DLL or NWCALLS.DLL, make sure the appropriate file is installed on
your computer and is in your computers search path. If you are running the application on the Digital Alpha AXP
or MIPS platform or you cant locate one of these .DLL files on your computer, contact Novell to obtain a copy
of the appropriate file, and then install it in your \WINNT\SYSTEM32 directory. If you cannot load your
NetWare-aware application with the version of NETWARE.DRV installed with NWC, replace
NETWARE.DRV with the corresponding file supplied by Novell, dated 10/27/92 with a file size of 126,144
bytes.
If you copied any of these files to your Windows NT Server computer or modified your path statement during the
current Windows NT work session, you must log off and then log back on for the changes to take effect.
Special Considerations for Individual NetWare-Aware Applications
If you do not have a preferred server and you have not connected to any NetWare server, you must first create a
connection to a NetWare server. For more information about connecting to NetWare servers, see Chapter 5,
Connecting to a NetWare Volume or Directory.
Btrieve
If you are running MS-DOS-based or 16-bit Windows-based applications that require the Btrieve requester,
BREQUEST.EXE, you must modify the AUTOEXEC.NT file located in \WINNT\SYSTEM32 so the
applications can find the Btrieve requester. Find the location of BREQUEST.EXE on your computer and append
location information in the AUTOEXEC.NT file.
For example, if BREQUEST.EXE is located in the C:\BTRIEVE directory, append this line following sections
in AUTOEXEC.NT:
lh c:\btrieve\brequest.exe
Then log off and log back on to Windows NT for the change to take effect.
Attachmate Extra! Extended for MS-DOS
If Extra! batch files are run from a console window, make the first line of the batch files command /c so that the
Extra! hot keys work after Extra! has initialized.
Attachmate Extra! for Windows IPX/SPX Connectivity
Attachmate Extra! for Windows requires IPXINTFC, a terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) utility. This TSR
must be loaded by AUTOEXEC.NT prior to the DOSX TSR being loaded.
For example, suppose Attachmate Extra! for Windows has been installed in the C:\EXTRAWIN subdirectory. In
AUTOEXEC.NT, make sure the following three lines are in the order shown following sections:
lh c:\extrawin\ipxintfc
REM Install DPMI support
lh winnt\system32\dosx
Log off and log back on to Windows NT for the changes to take effect.
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting Connectivity Service
This chapter describes ways of troubleshooting various problems that can arise while installing, starting, and
running the connectivity services for NetWare, which include the Gateway Service for NetWare on Windows
NT Advanced Server computers and the Client Service for NetWare on other Windows NT computers.
The chapter discusses problems in these areas:
Startup problems
Access problems
Application and print problems
Other network problems
Startup Problems
Many common startup problems are caused by improper installation of the network adapter card or the
connectivity software itself. The first things to check are that the network card is installed and configured
correctly and that any existing installations of NetWare redirectors, such as Novells NetWare Services for
Windows NT, have been removed.
To correct the configuration of your network card or to remove a NetWare redirector, use the Network option in
Control Panel. For more information, see Chapter 2, Setting Up Connectivity Services and NWLink.
This section discusses some common problems that might occur while installing or starting the Gateway Service
or Client Service.
Connectivity Service Doesn't Start
To verify that the connectivity service has started
1. In Control Panel, choose the Services option.
2. If the status of Gateway Service for NetWare or Client Service for NetWare is not Started, select it and choose
the Start button. If the service is already started, check the System Log in Event Viewer.
To check the System Log
1. In the Administrative Tools group of Program Manager, choose Event Viewer.
2. In the Source column of the Event Viewer System Log dialog box, look for events from Service Control
Manager or NWLinksys.
3. Double-click the appropriate log entry for more details about the event.
4. In the Event Details dialog box, look for one of the messages described following this procedure.
5. In the Event Details dialog box, choose the Close button.
6. From the Log menu, choose Exit.
Source Message Recommended action
Service Control Manager Gateway Service for NetWare
or Client Service for NetWare
terminated with the following
error: The system cannot find
the specified file. The connectivity service was not installed
properly. Use the Network option in Control
Panel to remove and reinstall the connectivity
service. For information on installing the
connectivity service, see Chapter 2.
Service Control Manager The NWLink service depends
on the NWLinksys services
which failed to start because
of the following error: The
system cannot find the file
specified. The NWLink IPX/SPX Compatible Transport
Protocol was not installed properly. Use the
Network option in Control Panel to reinstall
NWLink. For more information about
installing transports, see Chapter 3 of the
Windows NT Installation Guide.
NWLinksys Error binding to adapter card
cardname. Your adapter card may be malfunctioning, or
its settings may be incorrect. If your adapter card is not malfunctioning and the NWLink
protocol is bound to the correct card, use the Network option in Control Panel to verify the adapter card settings. For information on configuring the NWLink protocol, see
Chapter 2.
Connectivity Service Starts, but Servers Can't Be Found
You may not be able to see NetWare servers because you may be using an incorrect frame type for the servers.
View the network adapter load line in the NetWare servers AUTOEXEC.NCF file to verify that you are using
the correct frame type for the server. For example, suppose a servers network adapter load line is:
load 3C503 FRAME=ETHERNET_802.3 NAME=ETH
BIND IPX TO ETHERNET=52
The server is bound to a 3Com 503 ethernet adapter that will accept the raw 802.3 frame format.
You can use the Network option in Control Panel to see the frame type you have set for your adapter card.
Connectivity Service Starts, but NetWare 4.x Servers Can't Be Seen
The connectivity service supports NetWare 4.x bindery emulation. Be sure that the bindery context you set for
your NetWare server directory includes the Windows NT users you want to have access to the servers. You can
view and set your bindery context on NetWare 4.x servers either by loading the SERVMAN NetWare Loadable
Module (NLM) and then viewing and setting the SET BINDERY CONTEXT parameter. Or you can type set at
the command prompt to view the Miscellaneous SET parameters. For more information, see your NetWare 4.x
server documentation.
Connectivity Service Prompts for a Password at Each Logon
The connectivity service prompts for a password for your preferred server after you log on to Windows NT
because the user name and password for your NetWare preferred server differs from your Windows NT
password. If you dont want to be prompted for your preferred server password, make your NetWare preferred
server and Windows NT passwords the same. You can change your password using the setpass command at the
command prompt. For more information about setpass, see Validating a NetWare Account in Chapter 5.
NetWare Login Scripts Are Not Running
The connectivity service does not support the NetWare scripting language. However, Windows NT does have its
own logon scripts. For information on Windows NT logon scripts, see User Manager in the Windows NT System
Guide.
Access Denied to a NetWare File Server
By default, the connectivity service uses the credentials used for preferred server authentication to access other
NetWare servers. In order to see files on NetWare servers for which you have access, synchronize your
credentials on all the NetWare servers. You can synchronize your credentials using the setpass command at the
command prompt, as described in Validating a NetWare Account in Chapter 5.
If you do not want to use the same credentials for each NetWare server, type your username for the NetWare
server in the Connect As box in the Connect Network Drive dialog box in File Manager. You will be prompted
for your password for the server.
If you do not want to synchronize your NetWare credentials on all servers, at the command prompt type:
net use drive: \\nwserver_name\volume_name /user:username password
If access is denied when you are trying to configure a Windows NT Advanced Server computer as a file or print
gateway, your user account on the NetWare network may not be a member of the NTGATEWAY group, or your
account or the NTGATEWAY group may not have sufficient trustee rights. For information on setting up the
NTGATEWAY group and assigning trustee rights on the NetWare server, see your NetWare documentation.
Application and Print Problems
NetWare Print Queues Are Not Shown in Print Manager
In Print Manager, when you click the NetWare server where your print queues are located, no queues are shown
because your credentials on the NetWare print server do not match those on your preferred server. The
connectivity service uses your preferred server credentials to access the print queue server.
If you do not see any print queues, verify that you can see NetWare servers in File Manager. If not, verify that
the connectivity service is started, as described in Connectivity Service Doesnt Start earlier in this chapter.
To see the print queues on NetWare servers to which you have access, you must create an authenticated
connection to the server. Synchronize your credentials on all the NetWare servers using the setpass command at
the command prompt, as described in Validating a NetWare Account in Chapter 5.
If you do not want to synchronize your NetWare file server credentials with your preferred server credentials, at
the command prompt type:
net use port: \\nwserver_name\queue_name /user:username password
For more information about printing, see Connecting to a NetWare Print Queue Through Print Manager in
Chapter 4.
Applications Are Not Working Correctly
To make sure the application is supported in this release, see the list in Chapter 6, Running NetWare Utilities
and NetWare-Aware Applications. Supported applications include some MS-DOS-based and 16-bit Windows-
based NetWare-aware applications. Some of the utilities that ship with NetWare 2.2, 3.11, or 3.12 are also
supported.
NetWare Map Utility Fails with a Memory Allocation Error
The default environment for 16-bit programs is too small to accommodate the mapping table created by the
NetWare map utility. You need to designate COMMAND.COM as the permanent command interpreter for the
Command Prompt window and reset the default environment size allocated to the window. An environment of
4,096 bytes is large enough to accommodate the NetWare utility, the mapping table, and the command
interpreter.
To make these changes to the environment, enter this line in CONFIG.NT:
shell=%systemroot%\system32\command.com /e:4096
This line causes COMMAND.COM to be the command interpreter for the window as long as it remains open or
until you issue another shell command, and it permanently allocates 4,096 bytes to 16-bit programs you run in
the window.
Other Network Problems
This section briefly describes other network problems that could affect your ability to install or run the
connectivity service. For more network troubleshooting information, see the troubleshooting chapter in the
Windows NT System Guide. See also the NETWORK.WRI file in your \WINNT directory.
If network problems persist, use Event Viewer from the Administrative Tools group to review the System Log
information generated during startup. Details in the System Log will reveal possible interrupt conflicts or other
driver problems.
Duplicate Computer Names
Each computer on a network must have a unique name. If you specify a computer name that is the same as
another computer on the network or the same as a workgroup or a domain, the network will not start when you
run Windows NT.
Services or Subsystems Do Not Start
If services or subsystems do not start properly, use the Services or Devices icons in Control Panel to check their
status. You can try to start services using the Services option and start a device with the Devices option. Also,
check the System Log in Event Viewer for entries related to the problem.
Interoperability with Windows for Workgroups
When setting up your network, check the following items to ensure smooth interoperability between
Windows NT and Windows for Workgroups.
* If you log on to a Windows for Workgroups computer whose workgroup name
is the same as the name of a Windows NT Advanced Server domain, and if the user name and password are
not valid for the domain, browsing will not be available. If you want to browse the domain, log on with a
user name and password that are valid in the domain.
* Guest accounts should remain enabled on domain controllers. Instead of removing guest accounts to restrict
access to certain services, simply remove any unwanted guest account rights in User Manager.
* Avoid duplicate user names on different domains. If a user name is duplicated across different domains,
logging on will produce different results on the Windows NT network and the Windows for Workgroups
workstation.
Using the Last Known Good Configuration
If you encounter difficulty starting Windows NT, you may choose to start
Windows NT using the Last Known Good Configuration.
1. Start your computer and select Windows NT or Windows NT Advanced Server from the boot loader menu (if it
does not start automatically).
2. As soon as the screen clears and the words OS Loader appear on the screen, hold down the space bar. Windows
NT displays the Configuration Recovery menu, which asks you
to choose either Current Startup Configuration or Last Known Good.
3. To restore the last working system configuration, choose Use Last Known Good Configuration.
Configuration changes are lots if they were made since your system was last started successfully.
Using the Emergency Repair Disk
If your system files are corrupt and you are unable to recover the previous startup configuration (Last Known
Good), you can use the Emergency Repair disk to restore your system to its initial setup state. To repair a
Windows NT installation, you must use the Emergency Repair disk specifically created for that installation
during Windows NT Setup.
If your system becomes corrupt but you do not have the Emergency Repair disk created during installation, you
must reinstall Windows NT from the original installation disks.
To restore Windows NT with an Emergency Repair disk on an x86-based computer
1. Start Setup using the original Setup floppy disks or CD-ROM. (For example, insert Setup Disk #1 of the
original Windows NT installation disks in drive A and start the computer.)
2. In the first text-based Setup screen, type r to indicate that you want to repair your Windows NT files.
3. Follow the instructions on the screen, inserting the Emergency Repair disk
in drive A and providing any other Windows NT Setup disks as requested.
4. When the final message appears, remove the Emergency Repair disk from drive A, and then press
CTRL+ALT+DEL to restart your computer.
To restore Windows NT with an Emergency Repair disk on a RISC-based computer
1. Start the Windows NT Setup Program as instructed in your manufacturer-supplied documentation. (How you
start Windows NT Setup depends on the type of RISC-based computer you are installing on.)
2. In the first text-based Setup screen, type r to indicate that you want to repair your Windows NT files.
3. Follow the instructions on the screen, inserting the Repair disk in drive A
if Repair asks for it.
4. When the final message appears, remove the Repair disk, and then press ENTER to restart your computer.
For more information about using your Repair disk, see Chapter 12 in the Windows NT System Guide.
